How Do You Measure the Gauge of a Shotgun Firearm?
The gauge of a shotgun refers to the diameter of the barrel in relation to a specific unit of measurement. This measurement is crucial in determining the size and type of ammunition that can be used with the shotgun. In this article, we will delve into the world of shotgun gauges and provide you with a comprehensive guide on how to measure the gauge of a shotgun firearm.
What is Gauge and Why is it Important?
Before we dive into the measurement process, it’s essential to understand what gauge is and why it’s important. Gauge is a unit of measurement that refers to the diameter of the barrel of a shotgun. The gauge is typically measured in inches or fractions of an inch, and it’s used to classify shotguns into different sizes.
The gauge of a shotgun is important because it determines the size of the ammunition that can be used with the firearm. Shotguns with a larger gauge have a wider bore and can fire larger projectiles, while shotguns with a smaller gauge have a narrower bore and can fire smaller projectiles. For example, a 10-gauge shotgun has a larger bore than a 12-gauge shotgun, which means it can fire larger shells and have a greater range.
Measuring the Gauge of a Shotgun
Measuring the gauge of a shotgun is a relatively simple process. Here are the steps you can follow:
- Measure the bore of the shotgun: To measure the gauge of a shotgun, you need to measure the diameter of the barrel. You can do this by using a bore scope or a caliper.
Convert the measurement to gauge: Once you have measured the diameter of the barrel, you need to convert the measurement to gauge. The conversion is as follows:
- 1 gauge = 0.000315 inches (or 0.008 mm)
- To convert the measurement, divide the diameter of the barrel by 0.000315 inches (or 0.008 mm)
For example, if the diameter of the barrel is 0.780 inches, you would divide it by 0.000315 inches (or 0.008 mm) to get the gauge. In this case, the gauge would be approximately 12.47 (or 12-3/4).
- Check the gauge with a gauge chart: To ensure that your calculation is accurate, you can use a gauge chart to double-check the measurement. Gauge charts provide a reference point for measuring shotgun gauges and can be found online or in shooting publications.
Here is a table showing the conversion of bore diameter to gauge:
| Bore Diameter (inches) | Gauge |
|---|---|
| 0.729 | 10 |
| 0.717 | 12 |
| 0.694 | 14 |
| 0.679 | 16 |
| 0.664 | 18 |
| 0.649 | 20 |
Common Shotgun Gauges
Shotguns come in a variety of gauges, each with its own unique characteristics and uses. Here are some common shotgun gauges:
- 10-gauge: 10-gauge shotguns have a bore diameter of 0.729 inches and are typically used for hunting large game such as deer and turkey.
- 12-gauge: 12-gauge shotguns have a bore diameter of 0.717 inches and are the most common type of shotgun. They are used for a variety of purposes, including hunting, target shooting, and self-defense.
- 20-gauge: 20-gauge shotguns have a bore diameter of 0.649 inches and are typically used for hunting small game such as birds and rabbits.
- 28-gauge: 28-gauge shotguns have a bore diameter of 0.608 inches and are used for hunting small game such as birds and rabbits.
- 410-gauge: 410-gauge shotguns have a bore diameter of 0.410 inches and are typically used for self-defense and hunting small game.
Conclusion
Measuring the gauge of a shotgun is a crucial process that requires accuracy and attention to detail. By following the steps outlined in this article, you can easily measure the gauge of your shotgun and ensure that you are using the correct ammunition. Remember to use a bore scope or caliper to measure the bore diameter, convert the measurement to gauge, and check the gauge with a gauge chart to ensure accuracy.
