How to Clean a 12 Gauge Shotgun
As a responsible shooter and gun owner, regular cleaning is essential to ensure your 12 gauge shotgun performs at its best, prevents damage, and ensures longevity. Cleaning your shotgun after each use may seem tedious, but it’s crucial for maintaining its accuracy and functionality. In this article, we’ll guide you through the step-by-step process of cleaning a 12 gauge shotgun.
What You’ll Need:
Before you start cleaning, gather the necessary equipment and supplies:
- Gun cleaning kit specifically designed for 12 gauge shotguns
- Soft, cotton cleaning cloth
- Metal bore brush
- Non-fluorinated grease
- Gun oil
- Optional: bore snakes and chamber flags
Step 1: Prepare the Shotgun
Before you begin cleaning, make sure to:
- Field strip the shotgun: Disassemble the shotgun, if necessary, to access all components.
- Inspect for obstructions: Check for any debris, shot residue, or un-fired shot shells in the chamber.
- Remove accessories: Take off any installed chokes, sights, or other accessories.
Step 2: Clean the Barrel**
To clean the barrel, follow these steps:
1. **Use a soft cloth**: Wipe down the entire barrel with a soft, cotton cloth, starting from the breech end and working your way out. This removes loose dirt and debris.
2. **Apply cleaning compound**: Dip a cleaning pad into a cleaning compound or lubricant specifically designed for gun cleaning. Wipe down the barrel, starting at the breech and moving outwards. Apply light pressure, working in circular motions.
3. **Bore brush**: Attach the metal bore brush to the end of the cleaning rod or use a bore brush without a rod. Apply moderate pressure and insert the brush into the barrel. Gently push the brush forward, working in strokes.
4. **Choke cleaning**: If you have a removable choke, follow the manufacturer’s instructions to clean it. Wipe it down with a cloth and apply a thin layer of lubricant or oil.
**Step 3: Clean the Chassis and Action**
Clean the shotgun’s chassis (body) and action:
* **Wipe down chassis**: Use a soft, cotton cloth to remove any dirt, grime, or oil residue. Work from the top to bottom, paying attention to the receiver, magazine tube, and stock.
* **Clean action components**: Clean the trigger group, trigger, and any exposed pins or screws with a small, soft-bristled brush and a lubricant.
* **Inspection**: Inspect all action components for dirt, dust, or debris and wipe clean as needed.
Step 4: Lubricate the Shotgun**
Apply a light layer of lubricant or oil to the shotgun:
* **Bearing surfaces**: Apply a lubricant to the moving parts, such as the recoil mechanism, trigger group, and pivot pins.
* **Chamber and bore**: Apply a thin layer of non-fluorinated grease to the chamber and bore to prevent corrosion.
Step 5: Final Inspection**
Double-check the shotgun to ensure:
* **Complete removal of debris**: Remove any remaining dirt, grime, or debris.
* **Proper application of lubricant**: Confirm lubricant is evenly applied without excessive buildup.
* **All components are cleaned**: Verify all parts are cleaned, including the receiver, magazine tube, stock, and action components.
Additional Tips:**
* **Frequency**: Clean your shotgun every time you use it or every 100-150 rounds, whichever comes first.
* **Avoid chemicals**: Never use harsh chemicals or cleaning products, as they can damage the finish, damage components, or release harmful fumes.
* **Dry the shotgun**: Allow the shotgun to dry completely before storing to prevent corrosion.
* **Schedule regular maintenance**: Perform routine maintenance, such as inspection and cleaning, regularly to maintain your shotgun’s overall performance and longevity.
Conclusion:**
Cleaning your 12 gauge shotgun is a necessary process to ensure its longevity and performance. By following the steps outlined in this article, you’ll keep your shotgun in top shape, preventing damage and maintaining accuracy. Remember to prioritize proper cleaning techniques, inspection, and lubrication to safeguard your investment. Happy cleaning and shooting!
