What Do Police Background Checks Look For?
A police background check, also known as a background investigation or criminal record check, is a process used to verify an individual’s identity and criminal history. Police departments and other law enforcement agencies conduct background checks for various purposes, including hiring, licensing, and permit applications. The goal of a background check is to identify any criminal or disruptive behavior that may pose a risk to the community, the individual being checked, or the organization or business requesting the check.
What Do Police Background Checks Look For?
Criminal Records
A police background check typically looks for any criminal records or convictions, including:
- Felony convictions: Serious crimes that can carry a sentence of more than one year in prison.
- Misdemeanor convictions: Less serious crimes that can carry a sentence of up to one year in prison.
- Warrants: Outstanding warrants for the individual’s arrest.
- Criminal aliases: Alternative names used by the individual in connection with criminal activity.
Non-Criminal Records
In addition to criminal records, police background checks may also look for non-criminal records, including:
- Traffic violations: Moving violations, such as speeding or reckless driving.
- DUI arrests: Arrests for driving under the influence.
- Domestic violence reports: Reports of domestic violence or abuse.
- Mental health commitments: Commitments to a mental health facility.
Character and Conduct
Police background checks may also evaluate an individual’s character and conduct, including:
- Employment history: Employment history, including reasons for leaving previous jobs.
- Education: Educational background and any academic disciplinary actions.
- Neighborhood watch reports: Reports from neighborhood watch programs or local authorities about the individual’s behavior.
- Social media activity: Review of the individual’s social media accounts to identify any potential red flags.
Special Checks
Some police background checks may include additional or specialized checks, such as:
- Sex offender checks: Checks to see if the individual is registered as a sex offender.
- Drug-related arrests: Checks for drug-related arrests or convictions.
- Theft or property damage reports: Reports of theft or property damage involving the individual.
State and National Databases
Police background checks may involve searching various state and national databases, including:
- Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS): A database of individuals prohibited from owning or possessing firearms.
- National Crime Information Center (NCIC): A database of criminal history records and warrants.
- State crime databases: Databases maintained by each state to track criminal records and warrants.
Consequences of a Poor Background Check
A poor background check can have significant consequences, including:
- Denial of employment or licensure: Refusal to hire or grant licensure due to criminal or disruptive behavior.
- Loss of existing employment or licensure: Termination of employment or revocation of licensure due to a poor background check.
- Legal consequences: Criminal charges or civil penalties for failing to disclose information or providing false information on a background check application.
Conclusion
Police background checks are a crucial step in verifying an individual’s identity and criminal history. By understanding what police background checks look for, individuals can take steps to prepare for and avoid potential pitfalls. Whether you’re applying for a job, licensure, or permit, it’s essential to be aware of the types of information that police background checks may uncover. By doing so, you can better navigate the process and protect your reputation.
