How Far Back Does a Police Background Check Go?
When it comes to police background checks, the question on many people’s minds is how far back do they actually go? The answer to this question can vary depending on the jurisdiction, type of background check, and the purpose of the check. In this article, we’ll delve into the details of police background checks and explore how far back they typically go.
What is a Police Background Check?
A police background check, also known as a criminal history background check, is a thorough examination of an individual’s criminal history and other information that may be relevant to their suitability for a particular job, license, or other opportunity. The purpose of a background check is to verify an individual’s identity, check for any criminal convictions or arrests, and gather other relevant information.
How Far Back Do Police Background Checks Typically Go?
The answer to this question varies depending on the jurisdiction and the type of background check being conducted. Here are some general guidelines:
- Federal Background Checks: In the United States, federal background checks typically go back 7-10 years. This is because federal laws, such as the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), require employers to only consider criminal history information that is 7-10 years old. However, some federal agencies may have different requirements, and some may go back further or not at all.
- State Background Checks: State background checks vary in terms of how far back they go. Some states may only consider information from the past 5-7 years, while others may go back further. For example:
- California: Background checks in California typically go back 10 years.
- New York: Background checks in New York typically go back 5 years.
- Texas: Background checks in Texas typically go back 7 years.
- Local Background Checks: Local background checks, which are conducted by local law enforcement agencies, may also vary in terms of how far back they go. Some local agencies may only consider information from the past 5-7 years, while others may go back further.
Types of Information Included in a Police Background Check
In addition to criminal history information, police background checks may also include other types of information, such as:
- Driver’s History: A check of the individual’s driving record to identify any traffic violations, suspensions, or revocations.
- Identity Verification: A check to verify the individual’s identity, including their name, date of birth, and Social Security number.
- Employment History: A check of the individual’s employment history to verify their work experience and credentials.
- Education History: A check of the individual’s education history to verify their educational credentials and institutions attended.
- References: A check of the individual’s professional references to verify their work history and character.
Timing of Police Background Checks
Police background checks can occur at any time, and the timing of the check may depend on the specific circumstances. Here are some scenarios where police background checks may occur:
- Pre-Employment Background Checks: Many employers conduct background checks as part of the hiring process to verify an individual’s suitability for a particular job.
- License and Permit Applications: Individuals applying for licenses or permits, such as a driver’s license or a firearms permit, may be required to undergo a background check.
- Criminal Investigations: Police may conduct background checks as part of a criminal investigation to gather information and verify an individual’s alibi or criminal history.
What Happens If I Have a Criminal History?
If you have a criminal history, you may be concerned about what will happen during a police background check. Here are some things to keep in mind:
- Disclosure of Criminal History: If a background check reveals a criminal history, the information may be disclosed to the individual or organization conducting the check.
- Adverse Action: If a criminal history is disclosed, the individual or organization conducting the check may take adverse action, such as denying employment or denying a license or permit.
- Mitigating Factors: In some cases, mitigating factors may be considered, such as the age of the criminal history, the severity of the offense, and the individual’s rehabilitation efforts.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the answer to the question "How far back does a police background check go?" varies depending on the jurisdiction, type of background check, and purpose of the check. It’s essential to understand the scope of a background check and what information may be included. If you have a criminal history, it’s crucial to be upfront and honest about it during the background check process and to be prepared to address any concerns or questions that may arise.
