What were British Soldiers Called?
For centuries, British soldiers have been known by various names, reflecting their role, rank, and branch of service. From the earliest days of the British Army to the present day, the terminology has evolved to reflect changes in military structure, technology, and societal norms. In this article, we’ll explore the various names used to refer to British soldiers throughout history.
Early Days
In the 17th and 18th centuries, British soldiers were primarily referred to as "Redcoats" due to their distinctive red uniforms. This nickname was a reference to the bright red coats worn by British soldiers, which were designed to intimidate and identify friend from foe on the battlefield.
Regimental Nicknames
As the British Army grew and expanded, regimental nicknames began to emerge. These nicknames often reflected the unit’s origins, traditions, or distinctive characteristics. For example:
• "The Buffs" (Royal East Kent Regiment): named after the bright buff (orange-yellow) facings on their uniforms
• "The Black Watch" (Royal Highland Regiment): named after the black tartan worn by the regiment
• "The Ghurkhas" (Gurkha Regiments): named after the Nepalese mercenaries who joined the British Army
Branch-Specific Nicknames
As the British Army became more formalized, nicknames began to emerge based on branch of service:
• "Tommy" (Infantry): originated from the slang term "Tommy Atkins," used to refer to ordinary British soldiers
• "Sailor" (Royal Navy): reflects the naval branch’s seafaring traditions
• "Airmen" (Royal Air Force): used to distinguish airmen from other branches
Rank-Specific Nicknames
Within the British Army, different ranks have their own nicknames:
• "Lance Corporal": often referred to as "Lance NCO" (Non-Commissioned Officer) due to their leadership role
• "Private": commonly referred to as "Pongo" or "Johney", especially in informal settings
Modern Era
In recent years, the British Army has continued to evolve, with new nicknames emerging:
• "Toms" (Infantry): a more informal term for British soldiers, often used in humorous or affectionate contexts
• "Fedayeen" (Special Air Service): named after the Arabic term for "those who sacrifice themselves" due to their elite fighting skills
Table: British Soldier Nicknames Throughout History
| Era | Nickname | Branch/Rank |
|---|---|---|
| 17th-18th centuries | Redcoats | General |
| 18th-19th centuries | Buffs, Black Watch, Ghurkhas | Regimental |
| Late 19th-early 20th centuries | Tommy, Sailor, Airmen | Branch-specific |
| Mid-20th century | Lance NCO, Pongo, Johney | Rank-specific |
| Late 20th-21st centuries | Toms, Fedayeen | Modern era |
Conclusion
Throughout history, British soldiers have been known by a wide range of nicknames, reflecting their role, rank, and branch of service. From the iconic Redcoats to the modern-day Toms and Fedayeen, these nicknames provide a glimpse into the evolution of the British Army and the men and women who have served within it.
