How to Tell How Old a Winchester Model 94 Is
The Winchester Model 94 is a legendary rifle that has been in production since 1894. Over the years, the rifle has undergone many changes and improvements, making it difficult to determine its age just by looking at it. However, with a little knowledge and some expert techniques, you can identify the age of your Winchester Model 94.
1. Check the Model Number
The first step in determining the age of a Winchester Model 94 is to check the model number. The model number can be found on the lower tang of the rifle. Here are the different model numbers and their corresponding ages:
| Model Number | Year Introduced | Age Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1873-1897 | 1873-1897 | Vintage Original Model 94 ( pre-1897) |
| 1898-1919 | 1898-1919 | Early Production Model 94 (1897-1919) |
| 1920-1963 | 1920-1963 | Late Production Model 94 (1920-1963) |
| 1964-1973 | 1964-1973 | Post-64 Model 94 |
| 1974-1999 | 1974-1999 | Post-74 Model 94 |
| 2000-present | 2000-present | Post-2000 Model 94 |
Note: The model number only provides a general idea of the age range. For more specific information, you will need to examine the serial number and other markings.
2. Inspect the Serial Number
The serial number is located on the underside of the breech block, just in front of the firing pin. The serial number provides more specific information about the age of the rifle, including the year and week of production. Here are some tips for deciphering the serial number:
• Pre-64 Models: The serial number ranges from 1 to over 1 million.
• Post-64 Models: The serial number is 1 million or higher and is usually found in a different location.
• Week of Production: The serial number can also indicate the week of production, with numbers 1-52 indicating the first week of the year to the last week of the year.
3. Look for Production Date Stamp
The production date stamp can be found on the side of the barrel or the top of the receiver. This stamp indicates the month and year of production, such as "5 ’34" for May 1934.
4. Check the Chamber Index
The chamber index indicates the caliber and year of production. Here are the different chamber indexes and their corresponding calibers:
| Chamber Index | Caliber | Year Introduced |
|---|---|---|
| 35 | .32-40 Ballard | 1897 |
| 39 | .25-35 Winchester | 1898 |
| 44 | .30-30 Winchester | 1898 |
| 49 | .25-35 Winchester | 1923 |
5. Examine the Stock and Finishes
The stock and finishes can also provide clues about the age of the rifle. Here are some differences between the various models:
| Model | Stock Type | Finish |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-64 Models | Oil Finished | Oil finished and stained |
| Post-64 Models | Lacquered | Lacquered and sealed |
6. Consult Manufacturer Records
Winchester has maintained detailed records of every rifle produced, including serial numbers, model numbers, and production dates. You can consult these records at the Winchester Repeating Arms museum or through online databases. Here are some resources to help you get started:
- Winchester Museum: The Winchester Museum located in New Haven, Connecticut, has a vast collection of Winchester rifles, including records and documentation.
- Winchester Records Database: The Winchester Records Database is an online resource that allows you to search for rifles by serial number or model number.
- Internet Auction Sites: Many auction sites, such as eBay, have Winchester enthusiast forums and databases where you can find information about the age and value of your rifle.
Conclusion
Determining the age of a Winchester Model 94 can be a challenging task, but with the right information and techniques, you can narrow down the age range to a specific year or year range. By examining the model number, serial number, production date stamp, chamber index, and finishes, you can gather the information you need to know more about your rifle’s history. Remember to always consult manufacturer records and expert advice when attempting to date your rifle.
