What do You know about Merchant Navy?
The merchant navy, also known as the merchant marines, is a fleet of commercial ships that are used for transportation of goods and cargo, including crude oil, refined petroleum products, dry bulk cargoes such as grains and coal, and containerized cargo. The merchant navy plays a vital role in the global economy, accounting for about 90% of international trade.
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The merchant navy has a long and storied history, dating back to the 14th century when the first ships began sailing the seas for commercial purposes. During the 15th and 16th centuries, European nations, such as England, Portugal, and the Netherlands, established their own merchant fleets, which helped to spread trade and commerce throughout the world.
In the 17th and 18th centuries, the British East India Company dominated the merchant navy, and it was during this time that the concept of " flagged" ships began. Flagged refers to the nationality of the ship, which is represented by the country’s flag.
Today, the merchant navy is a significant component of the global shipping industry. There are thousands of ships operating worldwide, carrying everything from raw materials to finished goods. Here are some key statistics about the modern merchant navy:
• Number of ships: Over 60,000 ships are operating globally, with a combined deadweight tonnage (DWT) of over 1.8 billion tons.
• Types of cargo: Merchant ships carry a wide range of cargo, including:
+ Liquid cargo: crude oil, refined petroleum products, LPG, and LNG
+ Dry cargo: grains, coal, steel, and other commodities
+ Containerized cargo: goods such as electronics, clothing, and automotive parts
+ Bulk cargo: iron ore, copper, and other raw materials• Types of ships: Merchant ships include:
+ Container ships
+ Bulk carriers
+ Oil tankers
+ Refrigerated ships (reefers)
+ Carriers (such as Roll-on/Roll-off (Ro-Ro) ships and passenger ships)
+ General cargo ships
+ Tanker ships
+ Container ship, bulk carrierTo become a part of the merchant navy, one must undergo extensive training and education. Basic Safety Training (BST) is a mandatory course that all seafarers must complete, covering topics such as fire prevention, life-saving appliances, and personal survival techniques. Here are some common merchant navy careers:
• Cadets: Entry-level seafarers who start at the bottom rung and work their way up. Cadets are required to complete a formal maritime training program, including theory and practical training on ships.
• Junior Officers: Cadets who have gained experience and qualify for higher ranks. Junior officers hold positions such as 3rd Officer or 4th Officer, responsible for navigating, watchkeeping, and cargo handling.
• Chief Officer/ Chief Mate: The highest ranking officer on the bridge, responsible for command of the ship and day-to-day operations.
• Captains/Masters: The highest ranking officer on board, responsible for the safe and efficient operation of the ship.
Life as a merchant seafarer can be lucrative, with salaries varying depending on rank, experience, and type of vessel. Here are some rough estimates:
• Cadets: $30,000-$50,000 per year
• Junior Officers: $40,000-$70,000 per year
• Chief Officer/Chief Mate: $60,000-$100,000 per year
• Captains/Masters: $100,000-$150,000 per year
Additional benefits include:
• Free or discounted accommodations
• On-board meal and laundry services
• Access to onboard medical facilities
• Disability and insurance coverage
• Mandatory and voluntary retirement savings plans
Like any industry, the merchant navy faces unique challenges and safety concerns:
• Weather and Sea Conditions: Merchant ships are subject to the whims of nature, including storms, hurricanes, and rough seas, which can pose serious safety risks.
• Man overboard: When a seafarer falls overboard, every minute counts, and prompt rescue action is crucial.
• Fuel and maintenance issues: Unreliable equipment, leaks, and corrosion can pose significant safety hazards and risks to the vessel.
• Piracy and armed robbery: Seafarers have to deal with the very real risk of piracy and armed robbery, particularly in certain regions.
• Cargo mishandling and storage: Improper loading and handling of cargo can result in damage, injuries, and even loss of life.
The merchant navy is an exciting and rewarding career choice, offering a mix of adventure, travel, and hands-on experience. To succeed, one needs to possess:
• Good physical and mental health
• Strong problem-solving skills
• Excellent communication and teamwork abilities
• Ability to work independently and as part of a team
• Continuous learning and willingness to adapt to new technologies and situations
In conclusion, the merchant navy plays a vital role in the global economy, and it’s an exciting and challenging career for those who want to sail the seas. From historical roots to modern-day operations, the merchant navy offers a unique and rewarding experience for those willing to embark on this noble profession.
Table: Common Types of Merchant Navy Ships
