What Does the Bible Say About Israel Going to War?
The concept of war has been present throughout human history, and the Bible is no exception. In fact, the Bible contains numerous accounts of wars fought by the nation of Israel, as well as divine commands for war. But what does the Bible say about Israel going to war?
God’s Involvement in War
The Bible teaches that God is involved in the affairs of nations, including wars. In fact, Psalm 82:1-4 declares that God sits in judgment of the gods (nations) and that He will judge nations according to their treatment of the poor and the helpless. This passage emphasizes God’s sovereignty over all nations, including Israel, and His concern for justice and righteousness.
Israel’s Wars in the Bible
The Bible records several wars fought by the nation of Israel, including:
- The wars of conquest during the book of Joshua, where Israel conquered the land of Canaan under God’s leadership (Joshua 1:1-9, 6:1-27)
- The wars against the surrounding nations, including the Moabites, Ammonites, and Philistines (2 Samuel 8:1-14, 10:1-19, 23:8-39)
- The wars against the Assyrians and Babylonians, including the Assyrian invasion (2 Kings 15:29, 17:3-6) and the Babylonian exile (2 Kings 25:1-21)
Principles of War in the Bible
The Bible provides several principles for war, including:
- Righteous indignation: The Bible teaches that wars are sometimes fought in response to injustice and oppression. For example, the book of Numbers records that God instructed the Israelites to go to war against the Midianites because of their mistreatment of Israel (Numbers 31:1-54)
- Divine command: The Bible teaches that God often commands Israel to go to war. For example, God instructed Joshua to conquer Canaan because the Canaanites were not willing to surrender to God (Joshua 11:15-20)
- Just treatment of captives: The Bible teaches that Israel should treat their captives justly, including providing for their physical needs and releasing them after a certain period of time. For example, Deuteronomy 20:10-14 commands Israel to release captives after three months, and to provide for their needs during that time
- No cruel or inhumane treatment: The Bible teaches that Israel should not engage in cruel or inhumane treatment during war. For example, Deuteronomy 20:15-18 commands Israel to spare the lives of children, women, and animals during war, and to destroy only the enemy’s crops and livestock
Examples of Wars in the Bible
The Bible records several examples of wars fought by Israel, including:
- The war against the Amalekites: In Exodus 17:8-16, the Amalekites attacked Israel as they were traveling to the Promised Land. God instructed Moses to take up a position on a hill and to hold up his hands while Joshua and the Israelites fought against the Amalekites. As long as Moses’ hands remained raised, the Israelites were victorious, but when his hands grew tired and fell, the Amalekites gained the upper hand. God instructed Moses to take a stone and place it under him as a sign, and as long as the stone was there, the Israelites would be victorious.
| War | Opponent | Scripture |
|---|---|---|
| Amalekites | Exodus 17:8-16 | |
| Midianites | Numbers 31:1-54 | |
| Canaanites | Joshua 1:1-9, 6:1-27 | |
| Philistines | 2 Samuel 5:17-25 | |
| Assyrians | 2 Kings 15:29, 17:3-6 | |
| Babylonians | 2 Kings 25:1-21 |
Conclusion
The Bible provides guidance for Israel’s involvement in war, including the principles of righteous indignation, divine command, just treatment of captives, and no cruel or inhumane treatment. While the Bible does record several wars fought by Israel, it also emphasizes God’s sovereignty over all nations and His concern for justice and righteousness. As believers, we can learn valuable lessons from the biblical accounts of war, including the importance of seeking God’s guidance and wisdom in times of conflict.
References
- Bible, King James Version (KJV)
- Bible, New International Version (NIV)
- Bible, English Standard Version (ESV)
- Bible, New American Standard Bible (NASB)
- Bible, Revised Standard Version (RSV)
Note: The references listed above are not exhaustive, but rather a selection of the most relevant and easily accessible translations.
