What is 3-Gun Competition?
The term "3-Gun Competition" can be confusing to those new to the shooting sports. What exactly does it mean, and how does it differ from traditional handgun, rifle, and shotgun shooting competitions? In this article, we’ll delve into the world of 3-Gun competition, explaining what it’s all about, its origins, and what makes it unique.
What is 3-Gun?
In a nutshell, 3-Gun competition involves shooting with three types of firearms: a rifle, a handgun, and a shotgun. Competitors shoot at targets from different distances and with varying degrees of difficulty, using a combination of firearms to complete stages. This format was popularized by the sport’s founder, Mike Voigt, who coined the term "3-Gun" in the 1980s.
How is a 3-Gun Competition Conducted?
A typical 3-Gun competition consists of a series of stages, each designed to test shooters’ skills and adaptability. Stages can range from simple targets at close range to more complex, tactical scenarios with multiple moving parts. Shooters start at a specific location and are presented with a course of fire, which outlines the targets and shooting order. The stages are timed, and the shooter who completes the stage the fastest and most accurately wins.
Here’s an example of a typical stage:
- Stage: Tactical Drills
- Targets: 5 pistol, 10 rifle, and 2 shotgun targets
- Distance: 25 yards (22.86 meters) pistol, 50 yards (45.72 meters) rifle, 35 yards (32 meters) shotgun
- Shooting Order: Pistol first, rifle next, and shotgun last
Firearms Used in 3-Gun
The types of firearms used in 3-Gun competitions are designed for each specific role:
- Handgun: 9mm to.45 ACP calibers, often in semi-automatic format (e.g., Glock, Springfield XD)
- Rifle: 5.56x45mm NATO to.308 Winchester calibers, often in semi-automatic or bolt-action format (e.g., AR-15, Ruger 10/22)
- Shotgun: 12-gauge, 3-inch chambers, often in semi-automatic or pump-action format (e.g., Remington 870, Mossberg 590)
Competitive 3-Gun Divisions
There are several divisions in competitive 3-Gun, including:
- Production Division: Focuses on "production" guns, i.e., guns widely available to the general public. Examples include Glock pistols, AR-15 rifles, and Remington 870 shotguns.
- Tactical Division: Allowing the use of specialized, customized guns and accessories.
- Iron Sights Only (ISO): No use of optical sights; only iron sights and the shooter’s naked eye.
Equipment and Gear
3-Gun competitors often wear special gear designed for this unique shooting sport:
- Load carriers: Large belts or bags to carry ammo, gear, and shooting accessories
- Gloves: Specific hand protection to prevent slippage and improve shooting performance
- Safety glasses: Important for eye protection during dynamic shooting situations
Rules and Safety Considerations
Safety is a top priority in 3-Gun competitions:
- Proper safety glasses and hearing protection
- Ammunition limitations (e.g., specific types and amounts)
- Safety rules for range management, such as mandatory "cold range" (no shooting with the stage’s firearm after completion) and clear stage directions
- Instructor/RO supervision: Experienced shooters and Range Officers ensure course integrity and help new shooters learn proper safety protocols
Challenges and Requirements
To be successful in 3-Gun competition, you need:
- Practiced firearm handling skills, including tactical reloads and malfunction clearing
- A strong understanding of each firearm’s capabilities and limitations
- Flexibility to adapt to different stage designs, obstacles, and shooting situations
- Physical and mental endurance, as courses of fire can be long and demanding
- Continuous practice to refine your skills and stay ahead of the competition
Getting Started
If you’re interested in trying 3-Gun competition, follow these steps:
- Find a local range that offers 3-Gun matches or similar multi-gun courses
- Attend a match to learn more about the competition format, rules, and requirements
- Purchase the necessary firearms, or rent them from the range or a friend
- Take a few classes or workshops to improve your firearm handling and shooting skills
- Join a 3-Gun club or community to connect with other enthusiasts, learn tips, and improve your game
In conclusion, 3-Gun competition is a dynamic and challenging shooting sport that demands a wide range of skills, firearms knowledge, and physical fitness. With the right training, gear, and support, you can become a successful 3-Gun competitor and join the community of enthusiastic shooters worldwide.
