What is Shot Size in a Shotgun Shell?
Shotgun shells are designed for hunting and sporting purposes, and one of the key factors that set them apart from other types of ammunition is the concept of shot size. In this article, we’ll dive deep into the world of shotgun shells and explore what shot size is, its significance, and how it affects the performance of your shotguns.
What is Shot Size in a Shotgun Shell?
Shot size refers to the smallest diameter of the individual shot pellets in a shotgun shell. It’s usually measured in tenths of an inch, with the most common sizes ranging from 0.1mm (TSS or Tungsten Super Shot) to 0.5mm** (standard #9 shot). The shot size affects the pattern of the spread, which is the area where the pellets spread after leaving the barrel.
Here’s a list of the most common shot sizes, their uses, and corresponding pellet sizes:
| Shot Size | Pellet Size (in) | Uses |
|---|---|---|
| #9 | 0.05 | Light game (quail, dove), target shooting |
| #8 | 0.06 | Upland game (rabbit, grouse), light waterfowl |
| #7 1/2 | 0.07 | Medium game (pheasant, ducks), coyote hunting |
| #7 | 0.08 | Large game (turkey, geese), waterfowl |
| #6 1/2 | 0.09 | Heavy game (deer, hog), large waterfowl |
| #6 | 0.10 | Turkey, deer, waterfowl, dove |
| #5 1/2 | 0.11 | Heavy waterfowl, large game, coyote hunting |
| #5 | 0.12 | Heavy hunting, long-range shooting |
How Shot Size Affects Performance
The shot size you choose will significantly impact the performance of your shotgun. Here’s how:
- Range and Accuracy: Larger shot sizes (smaller pellet diameters) spread faster and are less accurate at longer ranges, while smaller shot sizes (larger pellet diameters) spread slower and are more accurate.
- Distributed Shot Pattern: Shot sizes have a direct impact on the spread of the pellets after leaving the barrel. A larger shot size will spread more rapidly, while a smaller shot size will stay tighter.
- Target Engagement: Larger shot sizes are better suited for taking small or flighty birds, while smaller shot sizes are better for larger, slower-moving targets.
- Penetration and Damage: Larger shot sizes can provide more penetration and damage on larger targets, while smaller shot sizes are better suited for smaller game.
Choosing the Right Shot Size
When selecting a shot size, consider the following factors:
- Game Type: Choose a shot size suitable for the type of game you’re hunting. For example, #9 or #8 for small game, #7 or #6 for larger game.
- Range: Choose a shot size that suits your expected shooting distance. Larger shot sizes for shorter ranges, smaller for longer.
- Barrel Length: A longer barrel can handle a larger shot size, while a shorter barrel may prefer a smaller shot size.
- Loading Density: A higher loading density requires a smaller shot size to maintain optimal performance.
Conclusion
Shot size is a critical component of a shotgun shell, affecting everything from range and accuracy to target engagement and penetration. By understanding the significance of shot size and choosing the right one for your specific needs, you can improve your hunting or shooting performance. Whether you’re hunting small game or large game, understanding shot size is essential for maximizing your shot’s effectiveness.
Table: Shot Size Conversion
| Shot Size | Tenths of an Inch |
|---|---|
| #9 | 0.5 |
| #8 | 0.6 |
| #7 1/2 | 0.7 |
| #7 | 0.8 |
| #6 1/2 | 0.9 |
| #6 | 1.0 |
| #5 1/2 | 1.1 |
| #5 | 1.2 |
Note: The conversion is based on the average pellet diameter and may vary depending on the specific shotshell manufacturer and type.
