When was naval academy established?

When was Naval Academy Established?

The United States Naval Academy (USNA) is one of the most prestigious institutions of higher learning in the country, and its rich history dates back to the early 19th century. In this article, we will explore the origins of the Naval Academy and when it was established.

Early Years

The concept of a naval academy in the United States was first proposed in 1794, during the presidency of George Washington. At that time, the country was still a young nation, and the need for a strong naval force was becoming increasingly apparent. The Continental Congress recognized the importance of a trained naval officer corps and authorized the construction of a fleet of ships.

In 1799, President John Adams appointed a commission to investigate the possibility of establishing a naval academy. The commission, led by Commodore Thomas Truxtun, submitted a report to Congress in 1801, recommending the creation of a naval academy.

The Establishment of the Naval Academy

On October 10, 1845, the United States Naval Academy was officially established by an act of Congress. The academy was authorized to admit a class of 50 midshipmen, who would receive a four-year education in mathematics, science, and the arts.

The First Class

The first class of midshipmen, known as the "Class of 1846," began their studies on October 10, 1845. The class consisted of 50 students, including the son of President John Tyler, who was then serving as the 10th President of the United States.

Early Curriculum

The early curriculum at the Naval Academy was rigorous and demanding. Midshipmen were required to study subjects such as:

• Mathematics: Calculus, trigonometry, and navigation
• Science: Physics, chemistry, and natural history
• Literature: English, Latin, and Greek
• Music: Voice, violin, and other instruments
• Physical Education: Gymnastics, boxing, and other sports

The Naval Academy’s First Home

The Naval Academy’s first home was a small, rented house in Annapolis, Maryland. The house, known as the "Old Naval Academy Building," was located on King George Street and served as the academy’s headquarters for several years.

Move to its Current Location

In 1847, the Naval Academy moved to its current location on the grounds of the old Fort Severn, a historic fortification built in 1798. The fort was abandoned during the War of 1812 and was subsequently converted into a naval base.

Notable Graduates

Over the years, the Naval Academy has produced many notable graduates, including:

• Navy Admirals: John S. McCain, James L. Holloway III, and Thomas B. Hayward
• Navy Commanders: John Paul Jones, David Glasgow Farragut, and Chester Nimitz
• Congressmen: John Glenn, John Kerry, and George H.W. Bush
• Astronauts: Alan Shepard, Gus Grissom, and Jim Lovell

Interesting Facts

Here are some interesting facts about the Naval Academy:

• The Midshipmen’s Hymn: The academy’s official song, "Anchors Aweigh," was written in 1906 by Alfred H. Miles, a class of 1907 graduate.
• The Navy’s First Nuclear Submarine: The Naval Academy was instrumental in the development of the Navy’s first nuclear submarine, the USS Nautilus (SSN-571).
• The Academy’s Famous Yard: The Naval Academy’s historic Yard is home to the famous USS Constellation, a historic warship that served in the War of 1812.
• The Academy’s Athletic Teams: The Naval Academy’s athletic teams, known as the Midshipmen, compete in the NCAA Division I and have won numerous championships in sports such as football, basketball, and lacrosse.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the United States Naval Academy was established on October 10, 1845, and has since become one of the most prestigious institutions of higher learning in the country. From its humble beginnings as a small, rented house in Annapolis, Maryland, to its current location on the grounds of the old Fort Severn, the Naval Academy has produced many notable graduates and has played a significant role in the development of the United States Navy.

Timeline of Key Events

• 1794: The concept of a naval academy is first proposed
• 1801: A commission recommends the creation of a naval academy
• 1845: The United States Naval Academy is officially established
• 1847: The academy moves to its current location on the grounds of the old Fort Severn
• 1906: The Midshipmen’s Hymn, "Anchors Aweigh," is written
• 1945: The Naval Academy graduates its first African American midshipman
• 1964: The Naval Academy is desegregated

Table: Notable Graduates

I hope this article provides a comprehensive overview of the Naval Academy’s history and achievements.